Fire Prevention Week

Commemorating a conflagration

     Fire Prevention Week was established to commemorate [kəˈmeməreit](纪念）the Great Chicago Fire, the tragic 1871 conflagration [ˌkɔnfləˈgreɪʃən]（大火灾）that killed more than 250 people, left 100,000 homeless, destroyed more than 17,400 structures and burned more than 2,000 acres（英亩，公顷）. The fire began on October 8, but continued into and did most of its damage on October 9, 1871.

     According to popular legend, the fire broke out （爆发，发生）after a cow - belonging to Mrs. Catherine O'Leary - kicked over（踢倒） a lamp, setting first the barn, then the whole city on fire. Chances are you've heard some version of this story yourself; people have been blaming the Great Chicago Fire on the cow and Mrs. O'Leary, for more than 130 years. But recent research by Chicago historian [hisˈtɔ:riən]（历史学家）Robert Cromie has helped to debunk [di:ˈbʌŋk]（暴露，揭穿真面目）this version of events.

The 'Moo' myth [miθ](神话，神奇传说）

       Like any good story, the 'case of the cow' has some truth to it. The great fire almost certainly started near the barn [bɑ:n]（牲口棚）where Mrs. O'Leary kept her five milking cows. But there is no proof that O'Leary was in the barn when the fire broke out - or that a jumpy [ˈdʒʌmpi:]（激动紧张的）cow sparked （引发）the blaze [bleiz]（大火）. Mrs. O'Leary herself swore that she'd been in bed early that night, and that the cows were also tucked in for the evening.

       But if a cow wasn't to blame for the huge fire, what was? Over the years, journalists and historians have offered plenty of theories. Some blamed the blaze on a couple of neighborhood boys who were near the barn sneaking cigarettes. Others believed that a neighbor of the O'Leary's may have started the fire. Some people have speculated that a fiery [ˈfaiəri]（火的，火焰的，燃烧的）meteorite [ˈmi:ti:əˌraɪt]（陨星，陨石）may have fallen to earth on October 8, starting several fires that day - in Michigan（密歇根，美国州名） and Wisconsin（威斯康星，美国州名）, as well as in Chicago.